Abstract This work aimed to develop and validate individual SNP molecular markers previously identified in a genetic association study of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in soybean using a microarray panel. The markers identified in the array were converted in single TaqMan® markers. The single markers were used to create an SNP genotyping protocol and establish a marker-assisted selection (MAS) routine associated with resistance to M. incognita in soybean. Out of the eight TaqMan® assays tested, three were validated for use in MAS. The MAS protocol developed in this study uses sequential selection. Initially, molecular markers are used to identify susceptible plants; subsequently, the phenotypic evaluation of plants expressing resistance genotype for the markers is carried out, resulting in the accurate identification of resistant plants. The accuracy of this approach for MAS sequential for M. incognita varied from 94 to 96%.

Abstract Phytophthora root and stem rot is one of the most aggressive diseases in soybean crop. The use of resistant cultivars is the main strategy to reduce losses caused by the pathogen. This study aims to identify SNP markers associated with genes or QTLs that provide soybean with partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae. A total of 169 soybean cultivars were inoculated with Phytophthora sojae and genotyped with 3,807 SNP markers. Genome-wide association analysis was carried out via multiple linear models, followed by multiple linear regression and linkage disequilibrium analysis. Four QTLs associated with the characteristic were identified: two on chromosome 3 and two on chromosome 15. The regions containing these QTLs contain genes already annotated as providers of resistance to pathogens, in plants. The use of those markers in the selection of resistant plants can increase the efficiency of breeding programs in the development of soybean varieties resistant to P. sojae.

Abstract CD 1705 is a cultivar indicated for the wheat-producing regions 1, 2 and 3 of the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná. It is appropriate for biscuit manufacturing, has good plant health and high production potential (mean yield of 4308 kg ha-1).

Abstract CD 1303 is a cultivar indicated for the wheat-producing regions 1, 2 and 3 of the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná. It has an early cycle, a short stature and high productive potential (mean of 4311 kg ha-1).

Abstract CD 1104 is a cultivar indicated for the wheat-producing regions 1, 2, 3, 4 (irrigated) and 4 (rainfed) of the states of RS, SC, PR, SP, MS, MG, DF, GO, and MT. Its suitability for the industrial segment of strong flours and yield potential (mean of 4.427 kg ha-1) are high.

Abstract CD 1805, indicated for the wheat growing in Regions 1, 2 and 3 in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná. The cultivar has quality standards for cookie production and high yield performance with a mean of 3899 kg ha-1, exceeding the controls by 4%.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi validar 19 marcadores microssatélites para resistência do trigo à giberela, em uma população não estruturada. Foram utilizados marcadores moleculares descritos na literatura como flanqueando QTLs de resistência à giberela em trigo, nos cromossomos 3B, 5A e 6B. Foram avaliadas 96 linhagens e cultivares de trigo quanto à severidade da infecção por giberela, em dois anos de avaliação. As linhagens e as cultivares foram genotipadas com 19 marcadores microssatélites. Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de Tukey e pelas análises de correlação, regressão linear simples e regressão múltipla; também foi estimada a eficiência de seleção dos marcadores moleculares. A severidade da doença variou de 1,95 a 41,3%, na média dos dois anos. Foram validados os QTLs nos três cromossomos avaliados. Os marcadores Xgwm389, Xgwm533, Xbarc180, Xbarc24, Wmc397, Xbarc101 e Wmc398 foram associados significativamente à resistência do trigo à giberela, tendo sido identificados alelos de resistência e de suscetibilidade. Os marcadores Wmc397, Xbarc101 (cromossomo 6B) e Xbarc180 (cromossomo 5A) têm potencial para uso na seleção assistida por marcadores moleculares, para resistência do trigo à giberela.

The objective of this work was to validate 19 microsatellite markers for wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB), in an unstructured population. Molecular markers described in the literature as flanking QTLs of FHB resistance in wheat on chromosomes 3B, 5A, and 6B were used. Ninety six wheat lines and cultivars were evaluated for severity of FHB infection in two evaluation years. The lines and cultivars were genotyped with 19 microsatellite markers. The obtained data were analyzed by Tukey's test, and by correlation, simple linear regression, and multiple regression analyses; the efficiency of selection with molecular markers was also estimated. Disease severity ranged from 1.95 to 41.3% in the mean of the two years. QTLs in the three evaluated chromosomes were validated. The markers Xgwm389, Xgwm533, Xbarc180, Xbarc24, Wmc397, Xbarc101, and Wmc398 were significantly associated with FHB resistance in wheat, and alleles for susceptibility and resistance were identified. The markers Wmc397, Xbarc101 (chromosome 6B), and Xbarc180 (chromosome 5A) have potential for use in marker-assisted selection for resistance to FHB in wheat.